摘 要
注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的改进方法及护理研究的意义在于，为避免低分子肝素钙致皮下瘀血，针对在临床实践案例的研究分析，浅谈正确掌握注射方法及相关护理要点，预防注射低分子肝素钙后出现出血、皮下淤血等不良反应发生，减轻患者的痛苦，提高疗效，提升护理工作效率。本文基于在护理工作中减少皮下注射所致出血的技巧与护理问题，提出问题和建议，以便于给患者的更好的治疗和护理。
关键词：注射低分子肝素钙；皮下出血；改进方法；护理
Abstract
Injection of low molecular weight heparin subcutaneous hemorrhage improved method and nursing significance is to avoid low molecular weight heparin induced subcutaneous blood stasis，in the case of clinical practice analysis，the correct grasp of the injection method and related care points，prevention of injection Low molecular weight heparin calcium after bleeding，subcutaneous congestion and other adverse reactions occur，reduce the pain of patients，improve efficacy，improve nursing efficiency. This article is based on the need to reduce the risk of bleeding caused by subcutaneous injections in nursing work and care problems，and to ask questions and suggestions to facilitate better treatment and care for patients.
Key words: injection of low molecular weight heparin calcium; subcutaneous hemorrhage; improved method; nursing
目 录
引言……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
1 注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的原因……………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 护理人员意识的关系…………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.2 人力资源不足……………………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.3 操作时技术不熟练，不规范………………………………………………………………. 1
2 临床资料…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
2.1 一般资料…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
2.2 注射过程…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
2.3 出血情况…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
2 低分子肝素钙的科学注射方法…………………………………………………………………….. 2
2.1 注射前按摩局部皮肤…………………………………………………………………………. 2
2.2 注射前不排气……………………………………………………………………………………. 2
2.3 注射时………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
2.4 注射完毕…………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
2.5 注射后护理……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
3 出血病患的护理措施…………………………………………………………………………………… 3
3.1 医院环境卫生消毒管理……………………………………………………………………… 3
3.2 加强医护人员的手卫生……………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3 严格执行无菌操作…………………………………………………………………………….. 4
3.4 加强探视人员管理…………………………………………………………………………….. 4
3.5 日常护理措施……………………………………………………………………………………. 4
3.5.1 护患沟通………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.5.2 耐心倾听………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
5.3.3 创造合适环境…………………………………………………………………………………. 5
5.3.4 尊重患者………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
5.4 护理效果…………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
6 注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的预防……………………………………………………………… 5
6.1改变导致注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的行为………………………………………. 5
6.2 垂直进针法的应用…………………………………………………………………………….. 5
6.3 建立注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的报告及反馈制度…………………………… 6
6.4 强化医院管理，预防注射低分子肝素钙皮下出血的发生……………………. 6
6.5 制定规范操作流程…………………………………………………………………………….. 6
总结……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
