计算机技术与网络技术的不断进步，催生了大量信息化系统的革新。在教育领域，基于计算机技术的考试系统已经大量存在，这些系统在很大程度上促进了我国教育快速发展。然而，随着我国素质教育的改革不断推进，以往仅仅满足于应试教育的传统考试模式无法适应新的需求，而基于新的教育理论——项目反应理论的考试模式开始受到人们的推崇。基于项目反应理论的考试模式解决了传统考试理论的时间固定、难度固定、数量固定的考试限制模式，能够做到因人而异的公平考试，促进了考试作用的进一步发挥，在更大程度上体现了考试者的真正能力。如今，基于项目反应理论的考试理念正逐步深入人心。
借助计算机技术，可以很好地实现基于项目反应理论的考试。本文正是在这一理论基础上，从软件工程的角度，对计算机考试系统进行了研究与设计。文中首先对国内外有关项目反应理论的文献进行了阐述，并对项目反应理论的概念及基本原理进行了分析；在此基础上对基于项目反应理论的计算机考试系统建立的可行性与需求展开分析，重点从技术、经济、操作、安全可行性方面，以及功能、性能、安全需求方面进行；然后采取B/S三层体系结构的模式，结合SQL SERVER 数据库对系统进行了设计，明确了系统整体架构、数据库结构、主要数据流程和全部功能，特别是针对项目反应理论在考试过程设计时的具体思路进行解析；最后以需求分析和系统设计为基础，对基于项目反应理论的计算机考试系统进行了实现，实现过程选取了主要的一些功能模块，包括登陆技术、考试选题功能、自动阅卷功能以及组卷技术等，充分对项目反应理论的相关算法进行了研究。
关键词：项目反应理论；考试系统；数据库；浏览器/服务端
A large number of information systems are emerging with the computer technology and network technology. In the field of education,have a lot of Examination system based on computer technology, these systems promote the development of education in China. However, The old mode of examination can not adapt to the new demands with the development of quality education, A new theory of education was welcomed by the people based on Item Response Theory. This mode of examination to solve the many problems of the traditional mode, including the time fixed, difficulty is fixed, and number fixed. It can achieve a fair examination, and to promote the effect of the examination.Today, the examinations concept based on item response theory is gradually popular.
By the computer technology, the examination based on item response theory can be achieved.This article based on the theory, research and design the computer test system. First, the text described the literature and the concepts about the item response theory;on this basis, to establish the feasibility and demand for computer examination system based on item response theory,the focus is the technical, economic, operational, safety and feasibility, as well as functionality, performance, security requirements; Then take the B / S three-tier architecture model ,and combines with the SQL SERVER database system, this article completed the design about the computer examination system,contain the whole architecture, database structure, data flow, and all of the features,especially for the specific ideas in the design of the examination; Finally,this text achieve the computer examination system based on item response theory, and study some of the major functional blocks, including the landing technology, exam topics function, automatic marking function and test paper technology, the algorithm about item response theory.
Key words: Project response theory; examination system; database; browser / server
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