春运，被国内誉为历史上规模最大、周期性最长的国人大迁徙, 春节期间客流量最大。春运是我国运输系统对春节前后繁忙乃至超负荷旅客运输的简称，是我国经济发展与几千年沿袭下来的风俗习惯相结合的产物，是集各类旅客运输为一体的、周期性很强的特殊运输市场现象。并且针对学生和农民工, 增开临时旅客专列, 以缓解交通压力。铁路客流高峰期的构成和特性使这一时期的旅客运输组织具有鲜明的特点，为保证客流高峰期旅客运输工作安全、平稳、有序，提出缓解铁路客流高峰期运输能力的对策。
关键词：铁路;客流高峰期;客流特性;客运组织;对策
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Spring Festival transportation, as the domestic largest ever in the history of the kingdom of the longest, periodic migration National People’s Congress, the largest passenger volume during the Spring Festival. Spring Festival transportation is China’s transportation system for around the Spring Festival busy and overload passenger transport abbreviation, is China’s economic development and thousands of years laid down the combination of custom, is the collection of all kinds of passenger transport as one of the, of the special transport market very strong cyclical phenomenon. And is designed for students and migrant workers, increase the passenger train temporary, to alleviate traffic. Railway passenger flow the composition and properties that make peak of this one period passenger transport organization has distinct characteristics, to ensure passenger flow peak passenger transport work of security, stability, orderly, and puts forward some railway passenger transportation capacity of the peak countermeasures.
Keywords: railway; Passenger traffic peak; Passenger flow characteristics; Passenger organization; countermeasures
