多发性骨髓瘤患者的骨痛护理进展
摘 要
多发性骨髓瘤（Multiple Myeloma, MM）是常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率仅次于非霍奇金淋巴瘤，且近年来其发病率有逐年升高的趋势。该病发病隐匿，进展期主要症状有骨痛、贫血、高血钙、病理性骨折、肾脏损害及反复感染等。合理的护理措施对治疗可产生事半功倍的效果。骨痛是由于骨髓瘤细胞在骨髓腔内大量增生，导致骨质疏松甚至溶骨性破坏，同时抑制骨细胞生成引起。MM引起的骨痛对患者来说是非常痛苦的，为了减少患者的痛苦，本文对此进行了研究。
关键词：多发性骨髓瘤，骨痛，护理
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a common hematological malignancies, the incidence after non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and its incidence in recent years increasing trend. The incidence of occult disease, the progress of the main symptoms of bone pain, anemia, hypercalcemia, pathologic fractures, kidney damage and recurrent infections. Reasonable care and measures of treatment can produce a multiplier effect. Bone pain due to myeloma cells proliferated in the bone marrow cavity, leading to osteoporosis or osteolytic, while inhibition of bone cells to produce cause.Multiple myeloma-induced bone pain is very painful for patients, in order to reduce the suffering of patients, this study.
Keyword: Multiple myeloma, bone pain, nursing
目 录
1引言………………………………………………….. 3
2国内外现状…………………………………………….. 3
3对多发性骨髓瘤患者患者一般教育…………………………… 3
3.1 对多发性骨髓瘤患者认知的教育……………………….. 3
3.2 对多发性骨髓瘤患者情绪的稳定……………………….. 4
3.3饮食干预…………………………………………. 4
3.4环境干预…………………………………………. 5
3.5运动干预…………………………………………. 5
4对多发性骨髓瘤患者的物理治疗和使用药物……………………. 5
4.1物理治疗…………………………………………. 5
4.2中药治疗…………………………………………. 6
4.3药物治疗…………………………………………. 6
5对多发性骨髓瘤患者的防治感染…………………………….. 6
6多发性骨髓瘤患者的并发症护理…………………………….. 7
6.1预防病理性骨折……………………………………. 7
6.2贫血的护理……………………………………….. 7
7小结………………………………………………….. 7
参考文献………………………………………………… 8
