小额贷款公司是由自然人、企业法人与其他社会组织投资设立，不吸收公众存款，经营小额贷款业务的有限责任公司或股份有限公司。小额贷款公司发放贷款应坚持“小额、分散”的原则，鼓励面向“三农”和中小企业提供信贷服务。小额贷款涉贷金额小、手续便捷、实用性强，自试点以来，已经渗透进了中国经济生活的方方面面。本文在对国际上小额信贷机构发展研究的基础上，剖析了中国各地区小贷公司的经营现状以及基本特点。通过将小贷公司与传统银行以及非银行金融机构相关业务的对比，展示小贷公司的市场优势以及投资价值。并在此基础上从宏观经济、政策扶持、市场需求、行业发展等不同视角对小贷公司的发展前景做出客观预测。
本文主要是在政府相关小额贷款公司制度政策及理论指导下，通过对国内外小额贷款公司发展现状的分析，借鉴国外小额信贷公司的成功发展经验，在国内现有模式的基础上，进一步完善小额贷款公司的可持续发展思路，从而改善国内小额信贷现有发展模式中存在的经营定位问题、监管问题、风险控制薄弱、后续资金补充困难等问题，从理论上积极探索小额贷款公司发展的优化路径。希望能对小额贷款公司的制度设计、发展情况进行梳理，争取对小额贷款公司未来发展的相关决策提供理论和实践依据。
关键词：小额贷款公司；可持续发展；委托贷款；私募股权投资基金
Abstract
Microfinance is to meet the low-income financial loan demand a method. Through the provide short-term microfinance, savings, and other financial services, make individual operators or low-income people get startup capital, and increase your income. It is because of small loans can use financial means to help the poor groups out of poverty, since the 1970 s since made in Bangladesh, Latin America is the developing countries of the rapid promotion.
Microfinance company is by the natural person, legal person enterprise and other social organizations investment to set up, don’t absorb public deposits, small business loan business limited liability company or joint stock limited company. Microfinance companies issue loans should adhere to the “small and scattered” principle, to encourage “agriculture, countryside and farmers” and small and medium-sized enterprises to provide credit service. Microfinance loan amount in small, the procedure is convenient, practical strong, the pilot since, have infiltrated the Chinese economy every aspect of life. In this paper the international microfinance institutions based on the study of the development, this paper analyzes the various regions of China small loan company current situation of management and basic characteristics. Through the small loan company and traditional Banks and non-bank financial institutions relevant business contrast, show small loan company’s market advantages and investment value. And on this basis from the macro economic and policy support, market demand, the development of the industry different perspectives, such as the small loans to the development prospect of the company make objective forecast.
This paper is mainly in the relevant government small loans company system and policy guidance, through the domestic and international microfinance company of the present development of analysis, foreign microfinance company’s successful development experience, in the country on the basis of the existing model, further improve the small loans the sustainable development of the company ideas to improve existing domestic microfinance development mode of positioning problem existing in the management and regulatory issues, risk control weak, the follow-up funds added difficulty, theoretically actively explore small loans to optimize the path for the development of the company. In hopes of microfinance company system design, developing situation of comb, and fight on microfinance company for the future development of the related decision provides the theory and the practice basis.
Keywords： microfinance company, Sustainable development, Entrust loan, Private equity funds
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