摘要
风险投资是起源于二十世纪三四十年代的一种新型的投资模式。在这个知识经济时代，政府及社会各界都逐步认识到这项高新技术产业在国民经济发展中日益重要的地位。而在一些发达国家，他们通过大力发展风险投资事业，来推动高新技术产业化的成功经验也日益引起各级政府和科技界高度重视。本文通过对风险投资、科技评估、风险控制等概念的阐述，探讨风险管理与科技评估的相互关系，分析在科技经济高速发展的今天，科技评估对风险投资的重要作用。风险投资和科技评估二者不可或缺其一。
知识经济已见端倪，科技进步突飞猛进。科学技术成为驱动国家经济和社会发展的关键因素。合理配置科技资源，充分发挥第一生产力的效益，是各国政府和人民关心的重要问题之一。无论是计划经济还是市场经济，科技决策和科技资源配置都为社会经济的发展发挥着不可磨灭的作用。而计划经济到市场经济的变革，需要科技管理进行相应性的变革。政府科技管理工作改革就是引进科技评估机制、提高科技决策水平、优化科技资源配置。科技评估作为市场经济条件下我国政府科技评估管理工作改革中的一个新的尝试和探索，政府和社会公众越来越关注和认同科技评估在科技管理与决策环节中发挥的重要作用。在发展的规划、战略和计划的制定、政府科技投人、科技计划项目立项、国际科技合作等重大决策管理中逐步引入科技评估机制，社会和政府把科技评估作为政府科技管理工作中的重要环节，在相当程度上已经成为了共识。
关键词：风险投资；科技评估；风险管理
Abstract
Risk investment is originated in twentieth Century thirty or forty’s a new investment pattern. In this era of knowledge economy, the government and the society from all walks of life have been aware of this high and new technology industry in national economic development in the increasingly important position. In some developed countries, they by developing risk investment, to promote the industrialization of new and high technology and the successful experience has caused various government and industry attention. This article through to the risk investment, technology assessment, risk control, this paper described the concept of risk management and evaluation of science and technology, the relationship of science and technology, in today’s high-speed economic development, scientific and technological evaluation to venture capital is very important. Risk investment and technology assessment of two essential one.
Intellectual economy already saw clue, make a spurt of progress of progress of science and technology. Science and technology becomes the drive for national economic and social development the key factor. The reasonable configuration of resource of science and technology, give full play to the benefit of the first productivity, the government and people of all countries concerned is one of the important problems. Whether it is planned economy or market economy, science and technology policy and configuration of resource of science and technology for economic and social development played an indelible role. But the planned economy to the market economy reform, need science and technology management for the corresponding sex change. The government science and technology management reform is the introduction of technology assessment mechanism, improve science and technology decision-making level, the optimization configuration of resource of science and technology. Technology assessment as a market economy under the conditions of science and technology of our country government assessment of management reform in a new attempt and exploration, the government and the public pay more and more attention and recognition technology assessment in science and technology management and play an important role in the decision making process. In the planning, development strategy and plan, the government science and technology investment, science and technology projects, international cooperation in science and technology and other major decisions in the management of science and technology evaluation mechanism is gradually introduced, society and government to government science and technology science and technology evaluation as the important part in management, to a considerable extent has become a consensus.
Key words: risk investment; technology assessment; risk management
目录
一、科技评估……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
(一)概念和意义………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
(二)基本的原则………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
(三)特点……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
(四)主要作用……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
(五)方法……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
二、风险投资中的风险管理…………………………………………………………………………………. 6
（一）风险的识别……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
（二）风险的类别……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
（三）风险的评估与评价……………………………………………………………………………… 8
三、科技评估和风险投资管理……………………………………………………………………………… 9
（一）提高风险投资管理效率……………………………………………………………………….. 9
（二）衡量风险投资风险大小的非常有效的工具………………………………………………. 9
（三）推动了风险投资管理的创新………………………………………………………………… 10
（四）两者相互参与是自身发展的需要………………………………………………………….. 10
（五）促进风险投资实现动态管理………………………………………………………………… 10
参考文献：……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
