摘 要—————————————————————–
Abstract—————————————————————
1.1 国外、国内研究概况———————————————-1
1.2 市场需求预测—————————————————-1
1.3 模态分析——————————————————–3
1.4 设计的重点与难点————————————————4
第2章 桥壳的基本参数确定
2.1 后桥的结构特点及工作原理—————————————-6
2.2 选择桥壳方案设计————————————————7
3.1 桥壳的静弯曲应力计算——————————————–11
3.2 在不平路面冲击载荷作用下的桥壳计算——————————12
3.3 最大牵引力行驶时的桥壳计算————————————–12
3.4 制动时的桥壳强度计算——————————————–15
3.5受最大侧向力时的桥壳强度计算————————————18
4.1 基于por/e三维模型分析——————————————24
4.2 基于mchanicica受力分析—————————————–25
4.2.1 挖掘机静止垂直载荷工况————————————–26
4.2.2 挖掘机在不平路面冲击载荷作用下的工况————————28
4.2.3 挖掘机在最大牵引力行驶时的工况——————————30
4.2.4 挖掘机紧急制动时的工况————————————–32
4.2.5 挖掘机受最大侧向力时的工况———————————-34
第6章 结论与展望——————————————————47
致 谢——————————————————————-48
参考文献—————————————————————-49
摘要
挖掘机是一种广泛用于公路、铁路、建筑、水电、港口、矿山等建设工程的机械。由于挖掘机具有作业速度快、效率高、机动性好、操作轻便等优点，因此它成为工程建设中土石方施工的主要机种之一。挖掘机的后驱动桥是挖掘机的重要部件，负责向外输出动力。驱动桥作为轮式挖掘机底盘传动系统的主要组成部分，处于传动系统的末端，传递的转矩较大，其工作性能的好坏直接影响到整机的工作性能。
驱动桥的功用是通过主传动改变转矩旋转轴线的方向，把纵置发动机的转矩传到横置驱动桥两边的驱动轮上。通过主传动锥齿轮改变传力方向，通过主传动和最终传动将变速箱输出轴的转速降低，转矩增大；通过差速器解决左右差速问题，减小轮胎磨损和转向阻力，从而协助转向。此外驱动桥壳还起承重和传力作用。后桥桥壳的质量对整车的安全使用及整车性能的影响是非常大的，因而对后桥进行有效的优化设计计算和有限元分析是非常必要的。本文主要分析研究受力情况及稳态分析、模态分析、失稳分析等。
关键词：挖掘机，后驱动桥，后桥桥壳，有限元分析
ABSTRACT
The excavator is widely used for highway, railway, constructions, water and electricity, ports, mining and other engineering construction machinery. Because of high working speed, high efficiency and convenient operation ofthe excavator,therefore it becomes one of the main engineering machinery which are used for construction conditions.The drive axle is an important part of the is excavator,and it is responsible for the power output.As a key component of the wheel excavators’ chassis transmission system,the drive axle is at the end of the drive system, and it transmits bigger torque.Their performance has a direct influence on the performance of the work.
The function of the drive axle is to change the direction of the axis of rotation torque through the main drive, and transmits the torque on the longitudinal buy engine to both sides of the drive wheels. Through the main transmission,the bevel gear change the direction of the force.Through the main transmission and final drive to the gearbox,the output shaft’s speed will be
reduced,and the torque will be increased.With the differential problem being solved, the tire wear and resistance will be reduced and help to veer. In addition,the driving axle shell can bear the weight and transmit the force.The quality of the rear axle shell has a great influence on the safety of the complete vehicle bridge and the performance of the vehicle,therefore it is very necessary to make effective optimized design calculation and finite element analysis for for the driving axle. This paper mainly deals with the stress and steady-state analysis,modal analysis and instability analysis, etc.
Keywords: excavator, driving axle after, rear axle shell bridge, and the finite element analysis
