南京市青少年田径后备人才的现状及可持续发展
摘 要
田径运动发展的前提条件是田径后备人才，后备人才培养也就理所当然成为
田径运动发展的重中之重。在这样大环境的影响下，南京市的田径运动也得到了快速发展。但是，与江苏省其它地区相比，依然有诸多不足。因此有必要深度的调查南京市田径运动训练的详细准确的现存问题、环境状况和发展对策，以及田径运动的项目特征的课余训练情况。切合实际找到存在问题的根本点，发现不足的地方，提出科学合理的对策与建议，探索发展方向，为田径后备人才培养找到针对本市的发展策略。为田径后备人才培养模式不断创新提供实践依据。
本文先是对于南京市的田径运动员培养一直以少年体校、业余体校、体育传统校等培养形式为主,在选材中传承过去旧有的选材理论；在训练中依旧沿袭三从一大的训练方法；在管理过程中更是缺乏对青少年运动员的心理和生理发展特点的关心。等一系列的问题作了调查研究。然后又针对前面的问题做出了解决对策。
关键词：南京市；青少年田径；后备人才；可持续发展
Youth Track reserve talents present situation and sustainable development in Nanjing
Abstract
Reserve talents is the precondition of track and field’s development , talents cultivation also becomes the top priority. Early in our country training pattern was followed the former soviet union’s national cultivation pattern, here are some historical reasons. In the 1990s, our selection and training has out of the whole nation system pattern gradually, learn from Europe and the United States .The track and field sports developed fast, and cultivated a group of excellent athletes . In this situation,track and field in Nanjing developed fast. However, compared with other city in Jiangsu province,there are also have some insignificances.
The training of reserve talents is hard and long-term,there are some differences in training of reserve talents and competitive sports. The major training and cultivating forms in Nanjing are youth sports school, amateur sports school, sports traditional school, the selection and training forms follows old theory; in the management process ,showing lack of care of young athletes’ psychological and physiological characteristics of development. Problems arising out of the lack of communication,eager for quick success and instant benefit, focus on current achievements, completely ignore the long-term development of youth athletes; sports training and cultural education is affected each other, eventually reduce the athlete’s comprehensive ability, personal development space is limited.
So it is necessary to investigate the problems in athletics training,environment deeply,according to these problems find the scientific and reasonable countermeasures and suggestions. Providing practical basis to innovation of the track and field reserve talents’ cultivation pattern.
Keywords:Nanjing;Youth Track;reserve talents;sustainable development
目 录
2.1 南京市田径后备人才培养基本情况分析…………………….. 2
2.1.2 运动员的数量逐渐减少……………………………. 5
2.1.3 各项运动员训练年限过短………………………….. 5
2.1.4 我国运动员的训练模式过于传统…………………….. 6
2.2 南京市田径后备人才培养教练员状况分析…………………… 6
2.2.2 教师年龄结构分析……………………………….. 7
2.2.3 教师教龄结构分析……………………………….. 8
2.2.4 教师学历结构分析……………………………….. 8
2.3 南京市田径后备人才培养相关状况分析…………………….. 9
2.3.1 中小学田径课程设置状况………………………….. 9
2.3.2 文化知识学习状况……………………………….. 9
2.3.4 场地器材状况………………………………….. 11
3 青少年田径队后备人才可持续发展的对策…………………….. 11
3.1 对于后备人才的训练时间制定合理的时间段………………… 11
3.2 寻找适合南京市发展的优势项目…………………………. 12
3.3 加强南京市人才选拔的科学化…………………………… 12
3.4 用科学手段对基本训练提供条件…………………………. 13
3.5 加强运动员的文化课学习………………………………. 13
