随着社会日益快速的发展，目前人们的生活节奏也越来越快。汉字LED电子显示屏越来越受到人们的重视。显示是电子领域中不可缺少的一部分。LED电子显示屏是新型信息显示媒体，集电子技术、光电子技术、计算机技术、信息处理技术于一体，以其色彩鲜艳，使用范围广，亮度高，寿命长，工作稳定可靠等优点，广泛应用于商业广告、体育场馆、港口机场、客运站、高速公路、新闻发布、证券交易等方面。led显示屏利用发光二极管构成的点阵模块或像素单元组成大面积显示屏幕，以环境适应能力强、性能价格比高、使用成本低等特点，在短短的十来年中，迅速成为平板显示领域的主流产品，也是目前国际上比较先进的显示媒体之一。
本文叙述了单片机AT89S52在32×16点阵智能汉字显示屏的应用（主要的功能、硬件的组成和软件的设计）。该系统的功能是通过对单片机的编程控制其P1口和P3口进行串行输出，然后通过正向驱动器将输出的信号进行放大，再利用二极管的单向导电性使其导通（亮）或者是截止（灭）。整个系统结构紧凑、简单可靠、操作灵活、可扩展性强、功能强、性能价格比高，较好地满足了现代生活，生产和科研的需要。
关键词: LED显示屏；单片机AT89S52；驱动器74ALS245
ABSRACT
With the fast development of the society ,the live rhythm of people is more and more quick at present ， LED character electronics screen is ardently loved by people. Display shows the electronic indispensable part of the file. Serial output LED electronic display is a new information display media, set electronic technology, photonics technology, computer technology, information processing technology, and its colorful, using a wide range of high brightness, long life, stable and reliable, widely used in commercial advertising, stadiums, ports or airports, bus terminal, highway, press releases, securities trading and so on. Led display using light emitting diode dot matrix modules consisting of a large area or pixel display modules, adaptable to the environment, high cost performance, using low cost, in just 10 coming in, quickly becoming the area of flat panel display mainstream products, is currently the intemational media, one of the more advanced display.
This thesis described the intelligence Chinese characters for machine AT89S52 constituting of applied single slice to show to hold the constituting of main function, hardware with the software’s design. The function of that system passes to plait machine of single slice the procedure as to it’s the p1, p3 proceeds to serial output, then pass move the octal bus transceiver to proceeds the output’s signal to enlarge, and make use of the diode again single to close or to electrical conductivity. It is strong that it is reliable, operates flexibility, function that the whole systematic structure is compact, simple and the ratio of performance to price is high, which have satisfied modern agricultural production and need of scientific research better.
Key Words: LED character electronics screen；one-chip computer AT89S52；octal bus transceiver 74ALS245
目 录
1引言……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
2单片机简介…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
2.1单片机的发展历史及其分类…………………………………………………………………. 2
2.2单片机的结构特点……………………………………………………………………………….. 4
2.3MCS-52单片机芯片内部逻辑结构………………………………………………………… 4
3硬件系统设计…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
3.1将要实现的功能要求……………………………………………………………………………. 5
3.2方案论证……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
3.3系统硬件电路的设计……………………………………………………………………………. 7
3.4主要芯片介绍………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
3.4.1 正向驱动器74LS245及其应用……………………………………………………. 8
3.4.2 4-16线译码器……………………………………………………………………………. 10
3.4.3 32×16LED点阵显示屏………………………………………………………………. 11
3.4.4 系统核心单片机部分—AT89S52………………………………………………… 12
4软件设计………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
4.1刷新频率的计算及驱动程序流程图…………………………………………………….. 19
4.2系统主程序流程图……………………………………………………………………………… 20
5调试及性能分析……………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
结 论…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24
附录1：原理图……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
附录2：程序源代码………………………………………………………………………………………… 26
附录3：单片机控制板PCB图………………………………………………………………………… 35
附录4：英文资料及中文翻译………………………………………………………………………….. 36
致 谢…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45
