基于GPRS的空气质量检测系统的设计
[摘要] 人们每时每刻都离不开氧，并通过吸入空气而获得氧。一个成年人一天吸入六千五百升空气，才可以使身体吸收足够氧气，因此，人体健康情况直接反映了空气污染的成都。当今，“煤烟污染”、“光化学烟雾污染”、“室内空气污染”成为主流的高度环境污染。美国的众多相关专家经过严密的检测后发现，在我们经常呆的室内空气中现在可以检测到的具有挥发性的有机物就包括500多种，在这500多种中含有差不多20多种致癌物质，200多种病毒将直接导致我们患有疾病。其中氡、苯、氨以及甲醛等危害非常大。大量令人吃惊的事实已经发生，并且已经证实了，空气污染就是威胁人类健康的罪魁祸首。现在空气污染已经成为了全世界共同关注的焦点。根据数据统计来看，被污染的空气已经覆盖了去世界一半的人，在这些人中含百分之四十的人患有呼吸道疾病，有百分之二十的人患有慢性肺病和百分之十五的人患有气管炎、支气管炎和肺癌。所以做好空气质量检测成为重中之重，本文提出了基于GPRS的空气质量检测系统的设计。
论文包括五章，第一章介绍了空气中主要的污染物来源与这些污染物带来的危害，并介绍了国内外对空气质量检测的重视，以及做出的应对措施；第二章具体对GPRS 系统进行了介绍，给出了GPRS系统网络结构图，并选择了最佳的组网方式进行通信；第三章详细介绍了空气质量检测系统的总体结构是由远程监控中心、GPRS通信网络和现场检测终端组成，并对数据的传输和检车终端做出设计要求；第四章对现场终端做总体设计包括对气体传感器，温湿度传感器时钟电路等设备的设计，GPRS 数据终端由ATMEG128和Q2403A构成；第五章介绍了远程检测中心的软件设计，包括通信子模块和数据库模块的设计，实现了与终端系统的数据通信 。
[关键词] 空气污染；空气质量检测系统；GPRS系统；数据通信
The Design of air quality inspection system based on GPRS
[Abstract] People can not do without oxygen all the time, and by sucking in air oxygen. Adults need a daily intake air up to 6500 liters to get enough oxygen, so the polluted air has a direct impact on human health. Today, humanity is facing a “soot pollution”, “smog” After that, a “indoor air pollution” as the third environmental pollution. US experts detected, the presence of more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, where there are more than 20 kinds of carcinogens, 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. Harmful are: radon, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and esters. A lot of shocking facts confirm that air pollution has become a hazard to human health “invisible killer”, has become a problem of concern to all countries around the world. nearly half of the people in the air pollution, environmental pollution has caused 35.7% of respiratory disease, chronic lung disease, 22% and 15% of tracheitis, bronchitis and lung cancer. So do the air quality testing has become a priority, we propose a GPRS-based air quality testing system design.
Thesis contains five chapters, the first chapter introduces the major air pollutants and sources of these pollutants harm, and describes the importance of domestic and international air quality testing, as well as responses made; second chapter of GPRS system was introduced, the system gives the GPRS network structure, and choose the best networking communication; third chapter introduces the overall structure of the air quality testing system is determined by the remote monitoring center, communication networks and GPRS site testing terminal composition, and terminal data transmission and vehicle inspection to make design requirements; the fourth chapter of the overall design of the terminal site do include gas sensors, temperature and humidity sensors designed clock circuit devices, GPRS data terminal by the ATMEG128 and Q2403A composing; the fifth chapter describes the remote test center software design, including the design of the communication sub-module and database module, to achieve data communication with terminal system.
[Key words] air pollution; air quality testing system; GPRS system; data communication
目录
1.2 论文的研究内容及章节安排…………………………….. 3
第二章 GPRS原理与组网方式………………………………….. 5
2.1 GPRS系统介绍………………………………………. 5
第三章 基于 GPRS 空气质量监测系统的设计……………………… 8
3.1空气质量检测系统结构设计…………………………….. 8
3.3 现场检测终端设计条件……………………………….. 10
第四章 现场检测终端的设计…………………………………. 12
4.2.1 气体传感器简介……………………………….. 14
4.2.2 气体传感器电路设计……………………………. 15
4.3.1 温度、湿度传感器简介………………………….. 16
4.3.2 温度、湿度传感器采样电路设计…………………… 16
4.5 I2C接口电路设计……………………………………. 18
4.6 扩展外部存储器…………………………………….. 18
5.3.1 通信子模块设计……………………………….. 21
5.3.2 数据库模块设计……………………………….. 21
