摘要

冲击回转钻进技术的设想始于欧洲。从上世纪五十年代开始，在美国，加拿大和前苏联才研制出几种具有实用意义的液动冲击器。我国从1958年底开始在原地质矿产部勘探技术研究所对液动冲击回转钻进技术进行研究，几乎与世界同步。

液动冲击器是液动冲击回转钻探的关键设备。随着中国现代化建设的不断推进和发展，国民经济增长对液动冲击回转钻探不断提出更高的要求，所以，加速液动冲击器的研究势在必行。

本文在综述了国内外液动冲击回转钻探和液动冲击回转钻探核心机械—液动冲击器的基础上，研究阀式反作用液动冲击器的工作原理和结构特点，并提出了计算液动冲击力和冲击频率的方法。通过分析，指出阀式反作用液动冲击器适用于中到中硬以上的岩层，并且应尽量增大泥浆排量，采用较大刚度的冲锤弹簧，以使冲击器的优点得到充分发挥。并针对液动冲击器的关键零件—冲锤弹簧进行了详细的分析计算和验算。并从技术和经济学角度分析了液动冲击回转钻探的技术经济效果。本文主要作了以下工作：

详细阐述了液动冲击回转钻探；
详细介绍了各种液动冲击器；
分析了反作用液动冲击器的结构原理和结构特点
阀式反作用液动冲击器的性能分析和参数计算。

关键词：液动回转钻探反作用冲击器

Abstract

The text ,basing on summing up the studying of nation inside and outside n circumgyrate drilling of fluid move concussion and fluid move impulsion implement of counteractive of valve style,study working principle and frame characteristic of fluid move impulsion implement of counteractive of valve style.And it advances the measure that account the wallop and concussion frequency.Overpass the analysis,it indicate that the fluid move impulsion implement of counteractive of valve style is the same with the terrane that whose rigidity is middle or upwards.Besides it should accretion the arrange quantity of slop to the best of its abilities and adhibits clash spring of the greater limit to exert the excellence of impulsion implement.It also makes detailed analyzed account and checking computations in allusion to the key part of the impulsion implement,and analyses the technic economy effet of the impulsion implement.The text do mianly these work:

1)expound circumgyrate drilling of fluid move concussion particular.

2)introduce diversified impulsion implement particular.

3)analyse orking principle and frame characteristic of fluid move impulsion implement of counteractive of valve style.

4)capability analysis and parameter account of fluid move impulsion implement of counteractive of valve style.

Key words: fluid move, circumgyrate, drilling, counteractive ,concussion implement