输电线路防雷接地研究与设计

摘要：近年来，随着我国电网的不断发展，越来越多的输电线路分布在旷野，雷击所导致的输电线路故障也渐渐增多，这将严重影响输电线路设备的安全运行。雷击造成的输电线路跳闸事故在电网故障中所占的比例也达到了30%以上。与此同时，当雷电波侵入变电所时，还会损害变电所内的电气设备。因此，为了尽可能降低输电线路因雷击而造成的跳闸事故，避免重大损失，必须采取适当地防雷措施，做好防雷设计工作，比如降低杆塔接地电阻，架设耦合地线，采用负角保护，安装线路避雷器等等。这在一定程度上保护了输电线路，降低了输电线路的雷电绕击，保证了输电线路的雷击跳闸水平在可控的范围之内。本文通过防雷保护的原理及各种防雷措施，以内蒙古电网为例，对输电线路进行了防雷研究与设计。

关键字：防雷；高压；输电线路；雷击跳闸

Transmission line lightning protection grounding research and design

Abstract： Recently, with the development of our State Grid Corporation of China,more and more transmission lines distribute in the wilderness, the malfunction caused by lightning stroke is increasing, it has a strong impact on the safe operation of equipment. Transmission line tripping accidents caused by lightning stroke reached more than 30% in Power grid failure. At the same time, we must take properly Lightning protection measures and do Lightning protection design works in order to reduce tripping accidents caused by lightning stroke, for example, reduce tower grounding resistance, erect coupling ground wire, use the negative Angle protection, install the lightning arrester and so on. It protect transmission line in a certain extent, reduce the shielding failure analysis of transmission lines, ensure the transmission line lightning tripping levels within the controllable range. In this paper, we use the principle of lightning protection and lightning protection measures to design this task.

Keywords：Lightning protection，High voltage，Transmission line ，Lightning trip

第1章绪论……………………………………………….. 1

1.1 目的和意义…………………………………………. 1

1.2 研究现状…………………………………………… 2

1.3 本文的主要工作……………………………………… 3

第2章输电线路雷击放电原理…………………………………. 4

2.1 雷电的形成…………………………………………. 4

2.2 雷电压和雷电流的形成………………………………… 4

2.3 瓷瓶击穿放电的原理………………………………….. 5

2.4 雷电参数…………………………………………… 5

2.4.1 雷暴日与雷暴小时……………………………….. 5

2.4.2 落雷密度………………………………………. 5