智能火灾报警系统的设计
摘要： 对于人们生活水平质量的提高和经济状况的不断增长，建设新城市的速度越来越快，人们对楼房住宿条件的水平要求逐渐提高，同时带来的问题是用电量也增长的惊人，可能带来火灾的物品也随之增多，这样就会引来许多安全危害。一旦遇到突发状况，报警救火不及时，将会给国家和人民造成精神上和物质上的损害。由此可见，智能火灾报警系统在未来的生活中越来越重要。
智能火灾报警系统是以后设计智能楼宇安全防范的一个重要环节，它是以AT89C51单片机为核心的电路，本文利用两种传感器来探测火灾信号，并发出警报。渐渐地以后居住的环境越来越好和以后用的设备越来越完备、建造楼层的高度不断增加、对于家居装修方面不断升级、所造成居民营救和及时扑灭火种的工作也是越来越难，同时也考验人们随时做好营救工作的及时性。
关键字：智能火灾报警；单片机；传感器
The design of the intelligent fire alarm system
Abstract：To the improvement of the quality of people’s living standard and the state of the economy to grow, construction of new cities faster and faster, with a level of building accommodation requirements gradually improve, at the same time the problem is that the power consumption is also growing, may lead to increase in the number of items with fire, it will attract many safety hazards. Once meet an emergency, alarm fire not in time, will be to the state and the people’s mental and physical damage. Intelligent fire alarm system in the future, therefore, more and more important in your life.
Intelligent fire alarm system is the design of the intelligent building safety after an important link, it is based on AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core circuit, this paper USES two kind of sensor to detect fire signal, and provide an alarm. Gradually after the living environment is getting better and better and future use of equipment is more and more complete, increasing the height of the building floor, for household decorates the escalating, caused by residents timely rescue and put out the fire work is also more and more difficult, the timeliness of the test at any time ready to rescue people at the same time.
Keywords：Intelligent fire alarm; single-chip microcomputer ; The sensor
目录
第1章 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.1 研究背景…………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.2 国内外发展状况………………………………………………………………………………. 2
1.2.1国内发展状况…………………………………………………………………………. 2
1.2.2国外发展状况…………………………………………………………………………. 2
1.3 研究意义…………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
第2章 系统硬件组成及本文工作……………………………………………………………….. 5
2.1 系统的基本功能及总体框图…………………………………………………………….. 5
2.1.1 系统的基本功能…………………………………………………………………….. 5
2.1.2 系统硬件的总体框图……………………………………………………………… 5
2.2 AT89C51单片机……………………………………………………………………………….. 6
2.3系统涉及的探测器简介…………………………………………………………………….. 7
2.4 本次课题研究内容及本文的工作……………………………………………………… 8
第3章 硬件电路的设计……………………………………………………………………………. 10
3.1传感器模块的实现………………………………………………………………………….. 10
3.1.1烟雾传感器…………………………………………………………………………… 10
3.1.2 温度传感器………………………………………………………………………….. 12
3.2 手动控制和显示模块的实现…………………………………………………………. 14
3.3 报警电路设计 …………………………………………………………………………… 15
3.3.1 蜂鸣器 ……………………………………………………………………………. 15
3.3.2 LED灯报警…………………………………………………………………………. 16
3.4 看门狗电路………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
3.5 A/D转换电路……………………………………………………………………………….. 17
3.6 信号放大电路………………………………………………………………………………. 19
3.7 时钟电路……………………………………………………………………………………… 20
3.8 独立按键……………………………………………………………………………………… 21
3.9 有线通信……………………………………………………………………………………… 21
3.10 继电器灭火模块…………………………………………………………………………… 22
第4章 软件系统设计……………………………………………………………………………….. 24
4.1 主程序流程图………………………………………………………………………………. 24
4.2 主程序初始化及报警程序流程图………………………………………………….. 25
4.3 数据采集的中断程序……………………………………………………………………. 27
4.4 声光报警程序………………………………………………………………………………. 28
总结……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
