改装牵引负荷车的总体设计
摘 要
随着生活水平的提高，人们对汽车提出越来越高的要求，包括研制节油汽车和开发应用新能源。有关法规对汽车的排放和噪声提出了更严格的要求；对汽车安全性提出了更高的要求，达到乘用汽车有安全感、愉快感，汽车发生碰撞事故时能妥善地保护乘员；对汽车提出居住性的要求，不仅坐在汽车里舒适，而且能与外界进行信息交流。
负荷车是给被测拖拉机施加牵引负荷的车辆，模拟拖拉机牵引作业工况进行检测，用来评价拖拉机牵引性能和质量状况，是拖拉机生产企业和科研单位研发拖拉机必不可少的设备。我国的负荷车状况有自行研制，也有从国外引进，已经经历了将近25年的发展。
负荷车是拖拉机牵引性能试验必不可少的重要设备之一，包括车体、测功机、检测仪器仪表、计算机数据采集系统和供给电源五大部分。当然，负荷车也属于车辆的一种，因此它也应具备一般车辆所需的美观、舒适、安全。
本设计的负荷车轴数为单轴，最小转弯半径为4m，悬架采用钢板弹簧悬架，采用周边式车架，底盘稳固可靠，汽车外形在充分考虑布置的前提下，尽可能的采用流线型设计，不仅降低了风阻，而且外形美观大方，动感十足。
关键词：总体，安全，舒适，动感
THE DESIGN OF MODIFIED TRACTION
LOAD TRUCKS
ABSTRACT
Along with living standard enhancement, people ask more and more demands for cars, including the development of fuel-efficient vehicles, the application of new energy, and the relevant regulations on vehicle emissions and noise of the more stringent requirements. Automobile safety of a higher demand by the use of motor vehicles to achieve a sense of security, happiness flu, Vehicle collision accidents will be able to properly protect the crew; living in the car made the request, not comfortable sitting in vehicles, but also with the outside world for the exchange of information.
Load car is measured to exert traction tractor load of vehicles, tractor-drawn simulated operating conditions detection, to evaluate tractor traction performance and quality. It’s necessary equipment for manufacturing enterprises and scientific research units essential to reach tractor equipment. China’s car load situation developed, but also introduced from abroad, has experienced nearly 25 years of development.
Load tractor-drawn vehicles is essential to the performance test one of the important equipment, including body, chassis dynamometer testing instrumentation, computer data acquisition system and supply power five most. Of course, the car is a kind of vehicle, so it should also possess the necessary vehicles beautiful, comfortable and safe.
The design of the axle load at uniaxial, the minimum turning radius is 4m, using peripheral Frame, solid and reliable chassis, vehicle configuration fully considering the layout of the premise, as far as possible, the use of aerodynamic design, not only reduce the wind, but pleasing in appearance generous, exciting full.
KEY WORDS：generally, safe, comfortable, exciting
目 录
第一章 前言………………………………………1
- 1.1 拖拉机牵引性实验的原理………………………1
- 1.2 国内外部分负荷车的现状………………………2
第二章 负荷车的总体布置…………………………..5
第三章 整体设计………………………………….7
- 3.1 概述……………………………………..7
- 3.2 车身设计………………………………….9
- 3.3 座椅设计………………………………….11
- 3.4 挂接板的设计………………………………12
- 3.5 最小转弯半径的确定…………………………13
第四章 悬架的设计………………………………..14
- 4.1 悬架结构形式分析…………………………..14
- 4.2 悬架主要参数的确定…………………………16
第五章 结论……………………………………..22
参考文献………………………………………..23
致谢……………………………………………24
