论格式合同的缺陷及法律规制

摘要

格式合同的产生和发展是20世纪合同法发展的重要标志之一。随着社会化程度的提高和公用事业的发展，格式合同被普遍地应用于现代社会生活的各个领域。格式合同是当事人为了重复使用而预先拟定并未与对方协商的合同。以简捷、省时的特色迎合了经济生活高效、低成本的要求，具有传统合同不可比拟的优势，从而得以广泛使用。但随着格式合同的推广使用，其缺陷也显现出来，虽然格式合同的提供方不能强迫对方接受格式条款，提供方经常利用其经济优势规定诸多不公平的条款，合同相对人却无力对抗。各国均在承认格式合同对现代社会的重要作用，发挥格式合同长处的同时对其予以控制。我国在对格式合同的效力认定和法律规制上与格式合同的发展明显不协调，应当规范格式合同的效力认定，完善格式合同的订立方式和条款内容。只有对格式合同进行全面而科学的法律规制，才能既符合合同的自由、公平和正义，又满足现代经济生活高效率、低成本的要求。

关键词:格式合同；规制；完善

Abstract

The emergence and development of format contract in 20th century is an important sign of the development of contract law. With the improvement in the level of socialization and the development of public utilities, the format contract is widely used in every field of modern social life. The format contract is the one which the parties pre-prepared to re-used and not negotiated with the other party. Its simple and time-saving characteristics meet the efficient and low cost requirement of the economic life, it has the advantage over the traditional contracts which can be widely used. But with the promotion of the use of format contract, its defects are also revealed, although the providers of the format contract cannot force the other party to accept the terms of the format, the providers can often use its economic advantage to draft many unfair terms, and the other party is unable to fight for. All countries play an important role in recognition of the format contract and making the format contract to the strength of the modern society, at the same time, all countries try their best to control it. In our country, the validity and legal regulation of the format contract are apparently discordant with the development of the format contract, the validity of the format contract should be standardized and we should also perfect the way of making the format contract and its articles. Only through a comprehensive and scientific regulation, the format contract can meet the freedom, fairness and justice requirements and can also meet the high efficiency and low cost needs of the modern economic life.

Keywords: format contract；regulation；perfect