摘 要
生育权是夫妻双方享有的自然权利，任何人没有权力剥夺，但是在男女双方之间如何行使这项权利还要进一步研究。近年来生育权在现实生活中遇到了很多尴尬，夫妻生育权冲突案时有发生。要想有效地保障个人的生育自主权，当然应当承认婚姻当事人的意思自治规则，要在婚姻缔结过程中体现男女平等和生育自由的道理，将生育权的相关理论规则赋予法律的保障力，而不是父母之命、媒妁之言的包办礼节和成为法律空白的无人看管区。加强法律规制后可以鼓励夫妻之间遇事协商，互相帮助，采纳正确意见而不是把配偶看成自己的私有财产随意支配，实行家长控制。也可以在公民的生育权和公权力发生争议时找到更好的解决办法，平衡生育权利益相关者之间的矛盾，使男女双方更好的分享这项权利。本文首先介绍了生育权的概念和性质，明确了生育权的基本理论。接着论述了生育权的权利构成要素，生育权作为权利的一种也具有普通权利的要素构成，包括主体、客体和内容三个方面。第三个问题分析了国内外生育权相关法律规定与司法救济，第四个问题研究了我国生育权的司法救济现状，阐述了我国生育权面临的尴尬，最后针对发现的问题提出了完善我国生育权制度的建议，希望对探讨生育权方面的问题有所裨益。
关键词： 生育权，自由，婚姻，保障
On the legal perfection of right of birth
Abstract
Reproductive rights are spouses enjoy natural rights, anybody does not have the authority to deprivation, but in between both how to exercise this right must further study. In recent years the birth right encountered in real life a lot of embarrassment, the conflict over the right to procreate case occurs. In order to effectively protect the personal reproductive autonomy, of course should recognize a marriage party autonomy rules, in the marriage of the equality of the sexes and reproductive freedom principle, the reproductive rights theory rules legal security force, rather than the parents, the words of a match-maker arranged ceremony and become law blank unattended area. Strengthen the legal regulation can encourage a negotiation between husband and wife, help each other, to adopt the correct opinion and not the spouse as their private property disposal, the parental control. Also in the citizen’s reproductive rights and public rights dispute to find a better solution, equilibrium reproductive rights of stakeholders the contradiction between, so that both men and women to better share this right. This paper firstly introduces the concept and nature of reproductive rights, made clear the basic theory of the right of reproduction. And then discusses the birth rights elements, reproductive rights as the rights of a also has the common right elements, including a main body, the object and the content of three respects. Analysis of third problems of domestic and foreign birth right relevant legal provisions and judicial relief, fourth questions in the study of our birth right judicial present situation, elaborated our country to face the embarrassment of reproductive rights, finally found the problem put forward to perfect the birth right system of our country, we hope to explore the reproductive rights issues benefit.
Key Words：Reproductive rights guarantee of free marriage
