终身监制制度探究
摘要：我国刑法中的终身监禁，不是一个新的刑罚种类，而是依附于死刑缓期执行制度和无期徒刑执行制度而存在，仅仅适用于特定贪污、受贿犯罪的刑罚裁量和执行措施。在我国刑法中确立终身监禁制度的合理性在于，其在理论上贯彻了罪刑相适应原则，保证了我国的刑罚结构的合理，有利于实现我国的刑罚目的;在实务上具有避免错杀冤杀，帮助罪犯改过自新，保存、获得证据，震慑犯罪，有利于国际合作的价值。
但由于终身监禁制度的出现是慎用死刑和高压反腐双重背景下平衡的结果，因此我国的终身监禁制度仍存在一定的不足。它适用的条件不够严谨、适用的标准不很明晰、适用的方法让人疑虑、适用的时间存在问题。因此需要提出对终身监禁制度进行完善的基本思路，即继续细化现有的终身监禁制度的内容;扩大终身监禁制度的适用范围，将其扩展适用到限制减刑的八类犯罪，此次刑法修正案决定对在司法实务中实质上的死刑适用甚少但犯罪率较高的贪贿犯罪尝试适用终身监禁，今后，将除此以外的性质恶劣的罪行也归入其考察适用之列也不是不可以的。同时也提出了具体的完善措施，即完善现行贪污、受贿犯罪终身监禁的适用;将对象扩大到实施八类暴力犯罪行为被限制减刑、假释的罪犯;完善我国终身监禁制度的适用对象;并为终身监禁配备特赦等的救济方式，以完善我国的终身监禁制度，充分发挥该制度的积极作用。
关键词:终身监禁制度;法律定位;价值
Abstract: in the criminal law of our country life imprisonment is not a new kind of penalty, but depends on the death penalty reprieve system and life imprisonment execution system exists, only applicable to specific corruption, bribery crime penalty and execution measures. In China’s criminal law system lies in the rationality of the establishment of life imprisonment, which in theory to implement the principle of suiting punishment to crime, ensure our penalty structure is reasonable, is conducive to the realization of the purpose of punishment; in practice is to avoid killing unjustly, help criminals to start with a clean slate preservation, obtain evidence, deter crime that is conducive to the value of international cooperation.
However, due to the emergence of life imprisonment system is the result of careful use of the death penalty and high pressure against the background of the dual balance of the results, there are still some deficiencies in our life imprisonment system. It applies to the conditions are not rigorous, the application of the standard is not very clear, the application of the method of doubt, applicable time problems. So we need to put forward to perfect the basic idea of life imprisonment system, that is to refine the existing life imprisonment system content; expand the scope of application of life imprisonment system, it will be extended to the eight types of crimes commutation limit, the criminal law amendment decided on the death penalty in the judicial practice in essence but little higher crime rate the bribery attempt for life imprisonment, in the future, will be in addition to the nature of crime as well as its application study list isn’t the. At the same time also puts forward concrete measures that improve the current corruption, bribery crime is life imprisonment; will be expanded to implement eight types of violent crime were restricted commutation and parole criminals; perfecting the applicable object of our life imprisonment and life imprisonment system; with amnesty and other relief, in order to improve our the life imprisonment system, give full play to the positive role of the system.
Key words: life imprisonment system; legal orientation; value
