城市滨海开放空间设计探讨与分析——以北海市银滩为例
摘 要
水是人类文明的摇篮，也是生命之源。海洋与一般的水体相比较具有更加独特的魅力。人类生命的最初形式来自于海洋，因此人类天生就有着一种“亲海”的欲望。海既满足了人类的视觉需要，也赋予了那些与海相接的陆地勃勃的生机。城市滨海区域指的是城市范围内陆地和海洋相连接的一定范围内的区域，两者共同构成这一特殊的空间环境。城市滨海开放空间作为城市地域里面独具魅力的一块，具有一种巨大的开发潜力。滨海开放空间同时具有边缘、开放、连续以及方向性强等一系列空间特点。因此，它赋予了一个城市较为特殊的景观价值和文化价值。
自上世纪70年代初期以来，世界各地的城市都展开了开发建设滨海地区的高潮。城市滨海区域作为高速发展的沿海城市里面富有代表性的地段，精炼的体现了沿海城市独特的魅力。我国滨海地区的开发建设一般缺乏较为系统的指导，导致一些开发商和政府部门为了追求短期利益，盲目地对土地进行开发建设，忽略了开放空间对滨海地区环境的保护作用。由于对城市的开放空间的特点、形态以及成因缺乏深入的分析研究，结果致使滨海城市在景观设计方面缺乏地域特色。 因此，积极探索滨海开放空间设计的途径和方法，对那些逐渐兴起的城市开发建设滨海地区具有极为有益的指导价值。本文结合国内外在滨海开放空间设计方面的实践和研究，总结出了一些在进行城市滨海开放空间时的原则及方法，并以北海银滩为例对此进行了较为详细的介绍。
关键词：城市滨海区，开放空间，设计
Abstract
The water is a origin of life．is the human culture development cradle．Compares
with the general water body, the sea has the unique charm．The initial life form
originates inborn from the sea, the human has the desire to“look at the sea”．The sea while has satisfied which people’s vision needs，also for has provided the vigorous vitality with the sea docking land．
The city littoral area refers to in the city scope the sea area and the land
territory connected certain scope region，the sea and the land constituted the
environment leading factor，The littoral area is together at the same place which
the city used to be characteristic，simultaneously also was one kind has the huge potential spatial domain, was in the city the natural open space．The littoral area open space has the edge，continuously, the opening, the directivity strong and so on the spatial characteristics and tile public activity many, the function complex, the history cultural element rich and so on the characteristics，it has entrusted with the city special humanities value and the landscape value．
Since the early 70’s of last century, world city has launched the development and construction of coastal regions of the climax. China coastal area development and construction of the general lack of systematic guidance, leading to some developers and government departments in the pursuit of short-term interests, blindly on land development and construction, ignoring the open space on the coastal areas of environmental protection. Due to the city’s open space characteristic, morphology and causes lack of in-depth research and analysis, the results caused the coastal city in the landscape design of the lack of regional characteristics. Therefore, active exploration and design of coastal open space the way and the method, the gradual rise of the city development and construction of coastal area is extremely useful in guiding value. In this context,combined with the domestic design of coastal open space in terms of practice and research, summed up some of the coastal open space in the city when the principles and methods, and Silver Beach in Beihai as an example.
Key word: City of the coastal area, open space, design
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