欧洲债务危机对中小企业国际贸易的影响和对策
摘 要
自希腊债务危机爆发以来，欧洲债务危机呈现蔓延迹象，美国债务违约风波进一步拉响了发达经济体债务风险的“警报”。欧美债务风险的频频预警，说明发达经济体长期依靠货币财政政策刺激经济增长的模式已走到尽头。欧洲是中国主要的贸易伙伴，而欧盟是中国第一大出口市场，占中国贸易规模的 16％。欧洲债务风险的发展必然会对中国与欧美国家的贸易往来产生重大影响。中国目前正处在转变外贸发展方式的关键时期，如何把握世情、国情，加强风险防范意识，加快培育国际竞争新优势，努力促进对外贸易的多元协调发展等都值得我们深入研究。
在这样的背景下，我国的一些中小涉外企业的国际贸易形势也受到了较大的影响，特别是一些以温州中小涉外企业为代表的企业，出现了对欧出口大幅下滑，订单出现大幅下降，出口收汇风险增加，汇兑风险难度加大，华侨贸易萎缩等情况。面对这样的困难，温州中小涉外企业采取措施积极应对，本文以温州中小涉外企业为例，对欧洲债务危机对我国中小企业国际贸易的影响进行了分析，并提出了解决措施。
关键词:欧债危机 中小企业 国际贸易 影响与对策 温州
European debt crisis on SMEs in international trade
Affect and Countermeasure
ABSTRACT
Since the Greek debt crisis, the European debt crisis is spreading signs of the United States defaulting on its debt storm further sounded the “alarm” of the developed economies, debt risk. Frequently warning of the debt risk in Europe and America, developed economies over-reliance on monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth mode has come to an end. Europe is China’s major trading partners, while the EU is China’s largest export market, accounting for 16% of China’s trade scale. European debt risk will inevitably have a significant impact on trade between China and the United States and Europe. China is now in a critical period of the transformation of foreign trade development mode, how to grasp the world situation, the country, strengthen risk prevention awareness, accelerating the development of the new advantages of international competition, efforts to promote foreign trade multi-coordinated development and so worthy of our in-depth study.
In this context, the international trade situation of some of our small and medium-sized foreign enterprises have also been a greater impact, especially small and medium-sized foreign enterprises in Wenzhou enterprises, there has been a substantial decline in exports to the EU, orders dropped significantly. export proceeds increased risk of exchange rate risk more difficult, shrinking overseas trade. Faced with such difficulties, small and medium-sized foreign enterprises in Wenzhou to take measures to cope with, for example small and medium-sized foreign enterprises in Wenzhou, the impact of the European debt crisis on China’s international trade for SMEs are analyzed and proposed solutions.
Keywords: European debt crisis small and medium-sized enterprises international trade
influence and countermeasures, Wenzhou
欧洲债务危机对中小企业国际贸易的影响和对策
——以温州中小企业为例
目 录
一、绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
（一）欧洲债务危机的现状分析……………………………………………………………………………… 1
（二）欧洲债务危机产生的原因……………………………………………………………………………… 1
二、欧洲债务危机对中小企业国际贸易的影响分析…………………………………………………….. 4
（一）使中国中小企业的外需减弱问题更为严重………………………………………………………… 4
（二）使中国中小企业对欧盟进出口贸易有所减少…………………………………………………….. 4
（三）人民币升值等原因增大出口成本提升………………………………………………………………. 5
三、企业应采取的应对策略……………………………………………………………………………………. 6
（一）调整外贸发展战略，加快转变外贸发展方式…………………………………………………….. 6
（二）提高风险防范意识，全面提升外贸综合竞争力………………………………………………….. 6
（三）扩大自欧美国家进口，加快我国工业化进程…………………………………………………….. 6
（四）多元化拓展国际市场，降低对欧美市场的过度依赖……………………………………………. 7
（五）加强对企业的引导和扶持……………………………………………………………………………… 7
结论…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
谢辞…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10
European debt crisis on SMEs in international trade
Affect and Countermeasure
Contents
1.1The European debt crisis situation analysis…………………………………………………….. 17
1.2The European debt crisis causes………………………………………………………………….. 18
2.1The Chinese small and medium-sized enterprise reduced the problem is more serious… 19
2.2 The Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises import and export to EU trade declined 20
2.3 The appreciation of the renminbi and other reasons to increase export costs to upgrade 21
3.1 The enterprise should adopt answer strategy………………………………………………….. 21
3.2 Improve risk prevention awareness, enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of foreign trade 22
3.5 To strengthen enterprise guidance and support……………………………………………….. 23
Reference………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………………………………… 25
