摘要

道德责任作为伦理学的重要范畴之一,内涵深刻,外延广博;纵观近;现代责任与责任伦理的研究与发展,康德的责任论占据着重要的地位,无论是传统伦理学还是应用伦理学;无论是元伦理学还是规范伦理学;在论及道德责任时都可以从康德的责任论中寻其渊源,康德的责任论无疑是一汪涌动的贮水池,康德以前的道德责任皆流向康德,而康德以后的道德责任又皆从康德这里流出。任何专寥或学者在研究道德声任问题时,都无法绕开康德的责任论斌故此,对康德青任论的系统研究和诊释具有重摹的理论意义和现实价值。

康德作为德甲古典价理学的奠基者,:方面:他通过对纯粹理性的批判,恢复了理性的权威,以自由的可能性为道德奠定了基础,进而为道德形而上学的重新建构开辟了道路;最一方面,他通过对实践理性的批判,.确立了实践理性的优先地位,强调了实践理性的自主性,彰显了人的主体性,提升了人的人格与尊严。从哲学意义上讲,康德的理性批判是对近代理性思想的一总结和升华,它是一场哥白尼式的革命,具有划时代的启蒙意义。

关键词:道德责任;自律;自由;善良意志;实践理性

Abstract

Moral responsibility is one of the important category in ethics, profound connotation, broad extension; in; research and development of modern responsibility and ethical responsibility, the responsibility of Kant theory occupies an important position, whether it is the traditional ethics and applied ethics; both meta ethics and normative ethics; on moral responsibility can find their origins from Kant’s responsibility, the responsibility of Kant theory is a surge tanks, Kant had moral responsibility is to Kant, Kant after the moral responsibility and all from Kant out. Any special flow or scholars in the study of moral sound any problems, can not be bypassed the Kant’s responsibility Lun Bin therefore, Qing Ren system research on Kant’s theory and interpretation theory significance and practical value of weight.

The founder, Kant as the classical valence Science:: he passed on the critique of pure reason, restored the authority of reason, with the possibility of freedom laid the foundation for morality, opens the way to reconstruct the moral metaphysics; the one hand, through his critique of reason, established practice. The preferential status of practical reason, emphasizes the autonomy of practical reason, demonstrated human subjectivity, enhance the personality and dignity of man. Philosophical sense, rationality of Kant’s critique of the modern rational thought is to a summary and sublimation, it is a Copernicus style revolution, has the epoch-making significance of enlightenment.

Keywords: moral responsibility; autonomy; freedom; good will; practical reason