高一生物教学中学生自主学习能力培养的研究
摘要
随着信息社会的到来及未来社会对知识型人才的需要，学生在课堂上学到的知识，已不能满足他们的成长。新课改也要求学生体验学习的过程，这就需要靠学生自己去开掘，从广阔的生活中汲取，从实践中亲历获得。这样，教师在教学过程中应该在传道授业解惑的同时，教会学生学习，培养学生自主学习的能力，这已经成为当今世界教学改革的主攻方向。进入新世纪以来，我国教育界进入了一个活跃时期，新的教育观念不断被介绍进来，新的教学方法和模式不断在尝试运用。 “倡导积极主动、勇于探索的学习方式”是国家教育部在2003年所提出的教育改革的一项基本理念。而学生的学习方式，在很大程度上要受到教学方式及教学组织形式的影响。因此，构建适合学生特点的新型数学教学模式，必将成为数学新课程实施，教学改革的一项重大课题。其中，学生自主学习能力培养就是一个影响广泛的热门话题。
另外，从教育的历史发展来看，由于长期受传统教育观念的束缚和应试教育的负面影响，虽然越来越多的相关学者以及业内人士逐渐意识到我国目前的教学方式所培养出来的学生其学习状况以及自主学习的能力越来越差已经远远无法顺应时代的发展以及对人才的需求。并且从最新的课程改革而言也在积极鼓励学生自主学习，自我探索。但是依旧还有相当一部分人的思想意识比较封闭，对新课程的实施理解淡薄，甚至是持怀疑的态度，即使认为有道理，而教育的行动却更多地表现在“形式主义”的口号上，教育的本质没有真正落实到实处。因此，在社会对于人才要求越来越高的今天，我国中学生物学教学在思想观念以及课程、教学、评价等方面都落后于国际生物学教育。这不仅导致我国现在的各年级的学生自主学习能力较差，同时对于其未来的人生发展以及我国高速发展中对于新型人才的需求将造成一定的影响。
而只有让学生自主获得知识，主动发展的教学方式才能培养真正适应现代社会的人才。所以，本人提出了促进学生自主学习研究这个课题。一个人只有学会主动求知，主动发展，才能在竞争激烈的社会中永远立于不败之地。鉴于此，本论文主要采用文献法、问卷法、实验法，通过对国内外自主学习的文献研究，总结归纳出前人对于学生培养自主学习能力的见解与方式，同时以发达国家的生物教学为参照，比较我国目前高中生物教学现状与存在的问题。以调查问卷的数据，以本校高一生物教学为实际案例分析，比较实验班和对照班学生在学习兴趣、自主能力培养方面的不同变化，探究本校高一生物自主学习能力培养的教学模式和策略。也希望自己的文章能够为以后的相关学者的研究提供一定的参考价值与借鉴意义。
关键词：生物教学；自主学习能力；实证分析；能力培养
Abstract
With the advent of the information society and the future society to the knowledge talented person’s need, students in the classroom knowledge, has not been able to satisfy their growth. New curriculum requires students to experience the learning process, which is needed by the students themselves to explore, from the broad life derives from practice, experience gained. Thus, in the teaching process teachers should impart knowledge and solve doubts in preaching at the same time, teach students how to learn, to cultivate students’ autonomous learning ability, it has already become the main direction of educational reform. Since entering new century, education in China has come into an active period, the new education idea has been introduced, new teaching methods and models have been used in attempts to. ” Advocate actively, explores ways of learning” is the national Ministry of education in 2003 to put the education reform a basic concept. And student’s study way, to a large extent by the way of teaching and teaching organization form influence. Therefore, to construct the new characteristics of students in mathematics teaching mode, will become the implementation of new mathematics curriculum, teaching reform is a major task. Among them, the cultivation of autonomous learning ability is a widespread popular topic.
In addition, from the point of historical development, due to people by the shackles of traditional concepts of education and examination-oriented education negative effect, still have quite one part person’s ideology is more closed to the implementation of the new curriculum, lack of understanding, or even a skeptical, even think it make sense, and the education act is more in” formalism” slogan, the essence of education is not to fulfil real point truly. In fact, the majority of the biological teachers, to grasp the true meaning of” biological nature of teaching”, to promote students’ effective learning, a reason is: should be from their own actions, to the study of biological education. Using their own professional theoretical knowledge constantly updated, to seek and educational practice of proper combinative place, strive to ” biological knowledge academic shape into the form of education”. In the society for talents are increasingly demanding today, our country middle school biology teaching in ideology and curriculum, teaching, evaluation and other aspects are lagging behind the international biology education. This not only leads to our country present various grades student independent learning capability is poor, and for their future life development and China’s high speed development for new talent demand will cause certain effect.
Only let students acquire knowledge, active development of teaching methods to cultivate the talents to adapt to modern society. A person only to active learning, active development, can be in the competitive society forever remain invincible. In view of this, this thesis wants to use literature method, questionnaire method, experimental method. At the same time to developed countries for reference to biological teaching, comparing our country present high school biological teaching present situation and the existence question. With the questionnaire data, the high school biology teaching as the actual case analysis, comparison of experimental class and control class in the interest of learning, autonomous ability training of different changes, the high school biology cultivation of autonomous learning ability in teaching model and strategy. Also hope that their article can provide for the later scholars’ research to provide certain reference value and draw lessons from a meaning.
Key words: biology teaching; autonomous learning ability; empirical analysis; ability training
目录：
第1章 前言
第二章 自主学习研究文献综述
第三章 本校高一生物自主学习能力培养的教学模式和策略
