浅谈物流成本管理
摘要:作业成本法在物流成本控制中的应用研究正逐渐走向成熟,并且已开始应用于部分物流企业,取得了一定效果。但由于圆通企业物流成本具有其他企业物流成本不一样的特征,作业成本法在圆通企业物流成本控制领域,应用研究还比较少,在我国还属于起步阶段。不管是国际巨头还是国内大小物流企业,运输成本必定是最重要也是最大的企业成本,如何有效地控制运输成本对物流企业竞争能力的提高具有极其重要的意义,所以本文重点针对圆通速递物流成本中最为关键的部分—运输成本进行研究,从构成、成因、控制手段等各方面予以剖析,最终达到有效控制物流运输成本、提升物流企业竞争实力的目的。本文首先从圆通企业物流成本管理的现状及其存在的某些问题上入手,基于作业成本法的物流成本控制应用于圆通企业进行案例分析,并提出了改善圆通企业物流成本控制的策略。
关键词:快递物流;成本管理;改善
Abstract: Homework cost method in the application of logistics cost control research is gradually mature, and already applied to the part of the logistics enterprise, has obtained the certain effect. But as a result of Yuan Tong logistics cost has the characteristics of other enterprises logistics cost, operation cost method in the field of Yuan Tong enterprise logistics cost control, applied research is relatively less, also belong to the early stage in our country. Whether international giant or size of the domestic logistics enterprises, transport costs is the most important is also the biggest cost of enterprise, how to effectively control the transportation cost of logistics enterprises competition ability raise has the extremely important significance, so this paper aiming at the most critical part in Yuan Tong express logistics cost, transportation cost, from the composition, origin, control means and so on various aspects to analyze, finally achieve effective control of logistics cost, improve the purpose of the logistics enterprise competitive power. This article first from Yuan Tong enterprise logistics cost management on the present situation and some problems of based on homework cost method of logistics cost control is applied to Yuan Tong enterprise case analysis, and put forward the improving Yuan Tong enterprises logistics cost control strategy.
Keywords: Express logistics; Cost management; Improvement
目录
1绪论…………………………………………………….. 4
1.1研究背景……………………………………………….. 4
1.2研究意义……………………………………………….. 4
2快递物流成本管理概念界定与理论基础………………………….. 4
2.1我国快递物流企业及成本界定……………………………….. 4
2.1.1快递物流企业概念………………………………………. 4
2.1.2物流成本……………………………………………… 5
2.2作业成本法的涵义及其特征…………………………………. 5
2.2.1作业成本法的涵义………………………………………. 5
2.2.2作业成本法的特征………………………………………. 6
3圆通物流成本管理现状与问题分析……………………………… 6
3.1圆通物流介绍……………………………………………. 7
3.2圆通物流的具体成本控制现状……………………………….. 7
3.3圆通物流成本控制问题…………………………………….. 8
3.3.1业务边界不清晰,组织结构待完善………………………….. 9
3.3.2速递业务预算不完善,成本控制目的不明确…………………… 9
3.3.3成本控制限于核算,成本控制体系待改善…………………….. 9
4作业成本法在中国物流速递物流成本控制中的应用………………… 10
4.1作业成本法的应用必要性………………………………….. 10
4.2构建企业作业成本控制体系的基础工作……………………….. 11
4.2.1梳理企业速递物流系统的作业与动因……………………….. 11
4.2.2分析各速递物流作业的资源与动因…………………………. 11
4.2.3标准动因率的计算……………………………………… 12
4.3作业成本控制的具体过程………………………………….. 12
4.3.1确定成本对象…………………………………………. 12
4.3.2划分作业、建立作业池并统计相应的资源消耗………………… 12
4.3.3作业成本的计算……………………………………….. 15
5物流成本控制改进策略建议与展望…………………………….. 18
5.1物流成本控制改进策略建议………………………………… 18
5.1.1引入作业成本控制系统,强化作业成本管理意识………………. 18
5.1.2成立单独负责物流活动的上级部门…………………………. 18
5.1.3建立良好的物流成本信息管理系统…………………………. 19
5.1.4加强运输环节的成本控制………………………………… 19
5.2作业成本控制效果展望……………………………………. 19
5.2.1业务流程清晰,责任中心明确…………………………….. 19
5.2.2强化作业成本核算,优化企业成本控制……………………… 19
5.2.3有效开展全面预算,完善成本事前控制……………………… 20
结论…………………………………………………….. 20
谢辞…………………………………………………….. 21
参考文献…………………………………………………. 22