摘要：物理教学的历史表明，人们重视科学方法，正是由于他们在物理教学中所具有的独特甚至不可取代的重要作用。但在传统的物理教学中，一直存在着“重知识灌输，轻方法教育”的倾向，这样直接造成学生学到了很多知识，但是不清楚知识的链接（即获得、转化及运用科学知识的方法），所以新一轮物理课程改革把“过程与方法”作为课程目标，人们对科学方法给予了更多的关注。物理解题中科学方法的使用，如同物理教学中的其他基本问题一样，总是随着人们对其本质认识的深入而逐步发展的。本文具体谈科学方法的价值、内容以及解题中科学方法的运用。
关键词： 物理解题；科学方法；教育
Abstract: The history of physics education has indicated that the reason why we attach importance to scientific method is that they are unique and can not be replaced. There is always a problem of “stress knowledge impartment but belittle scientific methods” in traditional physics education, which made many students not understand the ins and outs of the knowledge although they had learnt a lot. So we take “the process and the method ” as the target in the new round of the curriculum reform of physics education. And we will pay more attention to physics methods. As the other fundamental issues in physics education, the employment of scientific methods in physics problems is growing with our further understanding in its essence.This paper describes the value of scientific method, the content of scientific method and the employment of scientific methods by solving physics problems.
Keywords: Scientific Methods; Educational Values; Educational Contents; Typical Examples
目录
1.引言……………………………………………………………………………………………………5
2．科学方法的教育价值…………………………………………………………………………………… 5
2.1科学方法的价值……………………………………………………………………………………5
2.2科学方法的教育价值………………………………………………………………………………5
3科学方法的内容………………………………………………………………………………………6
3.1科学方法教育的内容………………………………………………………………………………6
3.2高中物理中的科学方法……………………………………………………………………………6
4物理解题中的科学方法应用举例……………………………………………………………………6
4.1等效法………………………………………………………………………………………………6
4.2整体法………………………………………………………………………………………………8
4.3图像法 ……………………………………………………………………………………………10
4.4微元/小量法………………………………………………………………………………………11
4.5临界/边界法………………………………………………………………………………………12
5结束语 ………………………………………………………………………………………………13
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………………………………14
致谢 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………15
