我国转炉炼钢生产技术分析
【摘要】转炉炼钢是把氧气鼓入熔融的生铁里，使杂质硅、锰等氧化。在氧化的过程中放出大量的热量（含1%的硅可使生铁的温度升高200摄氏度），可使炉内达到足够高的温度。因此转炉炼钢不需要另外使用燃料。炼钢的基本任务是脱碳、脱磷、脱硫、脱氧，去除有害气体和非金属夹杂物，提高温度和调整成分。归纳为：“四脱”（碳、氧、磷和硫），“二去”（去气和去夹杂），“二调整”（成分和温度）。采用的主要技术手段为：供氧，造渣，升温，加脱氧剂和合金化操作。本文详细介绍转炉炼钢生产的工艺流程，主要工艺设备的工作原理以及控制要求等信息。
【关键词】转炉工艺；冶炼原理；操作要求
Analysis on Production Technology of Converter Steelmaking in China
【Abstract】 converter steel is the oxygen into the molten pig iron, so that impurities such as silicon, manganese and other oxidation. In the process of oxidation to release a lot of heat (containing 1% of the silicon can increase the temperature of the pig iron 200 degrees Celsius), the furnace can reach a sufficiently high temperature. So the converter steelmaking does not require the use of fuel. The basic task of steelmaking is decarbonization, dephosphorization, desulfurization, deoxidation, removal of harmful gases and non-metallic inclusions, increased temperature and adjust the composition. Summarized as “four off” (carbon, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur), “two go” (dehumidification and inclusions), “two adjustments” (composition and temperature). The main technical means used: oxygen, slagging, heating, plus deoxidizer and alloying operation. This article describes in detail the converter steelmaking production process, the main process equipment, working principle and control requirements and other information.
【Key words】 converter technology; smelting principle; operational requirements
