摘 要
随着经济的高速发展,微电子技术、计算机技术和自动控制技术也得到了迅速发展,交流变频调速技术已经进入一个崭新的时代,其应用越来越广。电梯是现代高层建筑的垂直交通工具,其设计要求稳定性、安全性及高。随着人们生活水平的不断提高,对电梯的要求的也相应提高,这样对电梯的安装也有了更高的要求。通过合理的选择和人性化的设计,提高了电梯的安装效率,并提升了电梯的安全系数与安装质量,使电梯达到了更美观、更安全、更实用的层次。
关键词:电梯;机械电气;维保
Abstract
With the rapid economic development, microelectronics technology, computer technology and automatic control technology has also been rapid development, AC variable frequency speed technology has entered a new era, its application more and more widely. Elevator is a modern high-rise building of the vertical means of transport, the design requirements of stability, security and high. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the requirements of the elevator is also a corresponding increase, so the installation of the elevator also have higher requirements. Through a reasonable choice and user-friendly design, improve the efficiency of the installation of the elevator and enhance the safety factor of the elevator and installation quality, the elevator to achieve a more beautiful, more secure, more practical level.
Keywords: elevator; mechanical and electrical; maintenance
目 录
1 绪论…………………………………………………………….. 1
2 电梯的定义与简介………………………………………………….. 2
2.1 电梯的定义………………………………………………….. 2
2.2 电梯的种类………………………………………………….. 2
2.2.1 按用途分类…………………………………………….. 2
2.2.2 按驱动方式分类…………………………………………. 2
2.2.3 按速度分类…………………………………………….. 3
2.2.4 按电梯有无司机分类……………………………………… 3
2.2.5 按操纵控制方式分类……………………………………… 3
2.2.6 其它分类方式…………………………………………… 3
2.2.7 特殊电梯………………………………………………. 3
2.3 电梯的结构及组成部件…………………………………………. 4
2.4 电梯八大系统………………………………………………… 5
2.4.1 拽引系统………………………………………………. 5
2.4.2 导向系统………………………………………………. 5
2.4.3 门系统………………………………………………… 5
2.4.4 轿厢………………………………………………….. 5
2.4.5 重量平衡系统…………………………………………… 5
2.4.6 电力拖动系统…………………………………………… 6
2.4.7 电气控制系统…………………………………………… 6
2.4.8 安全保护系统…………………………………………… 6
3 电梯控制系统…………………………………………………….. 7
3.1 电源原理图………………………………………………….. 7
3.2 变频器主电路图………………………………………………. 7
3.3 变频器控制电路图…………………………………………….. 8
3.4 门机主电路图………………………………………………… 9
3.5 门锁急停防粘连图…………………………………………….. 9
3.6 电梯安全回路和门锁回路原理图………………………………….. 9
3.7 轿厢照明及风扇……………………………………………… 10
3.8 抱闸制动电路……………………………………………….. 10
2.9 PLC控制信息输入电路…………………………………………. 11
4 电梯维护保养……………………………………………………. 11
4.1电梯维护保养制度…………………………………………….. 12
4.2电梯各部件维护要点…………………………………………… 12
4.2.1 曳引电动机维护检查…………………………………….. 12
4.2.2 曳引电动机的完好标准…………………………………… 13
4.2.3 制动器……………………………………………….. 14
4.2.4 减速器……………………………………………….. 15
4.2.5 曳引钢丝绳……………………………………………. 17
4.2.6 限速器……………………………………………….. 19
4.2.7 安全钳的维护检查:…………………………………….. 21
4.2.8 层门、轿门和自动门…………………………………….. 21
4.2.9 限位开关与极限开关…………………………………….. 23
总 结…………………………………………………………….. 24