关于制造压缩机的车间

摘要

精益生产理论认为不能为产品增加附加值的生产活动就是一种浪费，要精简掉。精益生产采用准时生产（JIT）的思想对生产进行管理，并通过看板系统将生产信息传递到每个工作地。精益生产理论对设施规划设计提出的要求，包括：流水生产线的布置；批量生产的单条生产线；U 型布置的生产加工线；物料的简单搬运；生产线内“一个流”的生产组织形式；看板管理等。

本论文以精益生产理论为主导，结合设施规划设计方法，主要运用SLP的方法，从产品的产量及工艺进行分析，初步确定生产所需产品的单位面积，然后分析各生产单元之间的物流量,根据基准相互关系和物流量，确定各生产单位之间相互关系，结合约束条件，对整个车间进行布局设计。从需求节拍开始，通过分析组装工艺，对两条装配生产线进行了布局，并对其进行平衡，两条生产线的负荷分别为91%和89%，实现了预装配和主生产线的同步，具有高度的柔性。论文还对物料搬运系统进行了设计，设计了两种适合本公司生产方式的看板系统，一种是直接从仓库拉料的定量订货看板，另一种是自制件定期订货看板。最后，从生产单位产品所需占地面积和库存周转率两个精益生产的指标，对该布局的运行效果进行了评价。

关键词：精益生产；设施规划；物流量分析；生产线平衡；看板

ABSTRACT

Lean production target to eliminate all kinds of waste. JIT and Kanban are the main aspects of Lean Production. And Lean production raise its requirements for facility design，including: Assembly layout like “liver system”, mix production on single line, U type manufacturing line, simple material moving method, one piece flow, Kanban etc..

This thesis use SLP method, start from product-quantity and process analysis, decides what production unit needed and how much area each unit need, then calculate the material flow amount among these units, decides the location of these units according to material flow amount and other aspects of their relationship as well as the restriction. As for assembly line design, start with take time of customer demand and process study，calculate how many work stations each line need, then use W.B.Helgeson-D.P.Birnie method balances the assembly lines. Make sure each line are well balanced and the load coefficient of two line are 91% and 89% respectively, also the pre-assembly and main assembly are synchronized, each line has the high flexibility.

Finally, check the results of the facility design from two aspects of lean, they are shop-floor area needed for assembly each product and turn rate. The results show that this facility design is very good.

KEY WORDS: Facility design, material flow amount analysis, line balancing, one piece flow, Kanba

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2

1 引言…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

2 压缩机车间布局设计………………………………………………………………………………….. 2

2.1 公司介绍…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2

2.2 产品-产量及工艺分析………………………………………………………………………… 2

2.3 厂房设施布置理论在本公司的应用……………………………………………………. 3

2.3.1 生产作业单位及所需面积的确定………………………………………………. 3

2.3.2 各作业单位间相互关系…………………………………………………………….. 4

3 压缩机生产线的设计………………………………………………………………………………….. 7

3.1 A系产品生产线的设计和创新…………………………………………………………….. 7