摘 要
我国是农业大国，水稻是我国最重要的粮食作物之一，水稻种植面积约4.5亿亩。全国水稻种植面积约占粮食作物面积的30％，产量接近粮食总产量的一半，长江中下游平原，是我国重要的粮食产地之一，而且大部分地区为丘陵地带，这些地方收割机的使用仍不多，大部分仍使用人力，一个人一天收割水稻大约一亩地，生产效率低，而且早稻收获时节恰好赶上夏天最热的时候，收割机具有收割效率高的特点，每天能收割水稻几十亩，如能使用收割机收割水稻，可以大大减轻劳动力，提高生产率。因此，能制造出适用于丘陵地区的中小型收割机具有很好的市场前景。
在我国南方地区，从农村劳动力结构来看，年青力壮的劳力很多外出务工，给收割机的应用提供了机会，同时机收价格的降低使很多农民容易接受收割机的作业，最简单的情况就是在中国水稻产区很多农民都乐意接受利用机器来进行收割服务。因此，稻麦收割机的应用将越来越普遍。
由于收割机作业地点为山区丘陵等地带，本次设计是设计小型割禾收割机，其功能是将待割作物切割并引导到一侧待后续的脱粒处理，该收割机可减少大量的人力收割作业，提高收割效率，减轻人们的劳动负担。
关键词：稻谷收割机 工作效率 解放生产力 机械化
Abstract
China is a large agricultural country, rice is one of the most important food crops in China. The rice planting area accounts for about 30% of the area of grain crops, yields close to half of the total grain output, plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, is one of the important grain producing areas in our country and most of the area to hilly areas, the use of these local harvester is still more, most of them are still at the human, one day rice harvest about an acre of land, production efficiency is low, and the rice harvest season coincided with the heat of the summer, the harvester has the characteristics of high harvesting efficiency, every day can harvest dozens of acres of rice, can be used as reapers reap rice can greatly reduce labor intensity and improve the productivity. Therefore, to create suitable for hilly areas of small and medium-sized harvester has good market prospects.
In the southern region of China, from the point of view of the structure of the rural labor force, young and strong labor many migrant workers, to combine the application provides the opportunity, also harvesting prices decreased many farmers harvester to accept the job, the simplest is in the Chinese rice producing areas, many farmers are willing to accept use machine harvesting services. Therefore, application of the rice wheat harvester will become more and more popular.
Because the harvester work place mountainous and hilly region, this design is design a small cut grass harvester, its function is will be cut crop cutting and directed to the side of the threshing of the follow-up, the harvester can reduce a lot of manpower harvesting operations, increase the harvesting efficiency, reduce the burden of people’s labor.
keyword：Rice harvester；work efficiency；Liberate productive forces； Mechanization
目 录
1.2 国内外水稻收割机的发展历史及现状……………………… 1
1.2.1 国外水稻收割机的发展历史及现状………………….. 1
1.2.2 国内水稻收割机的发展历史及现状………………….. 1
4 收割机的维护保养……………………………………….. 17
