油区油量计量系统设计

摘要：随着石化行业的迅速发展，油田数量快速增多，然而油田储蓄罐区的管理依就是人工测量，人们经常使用的方法是玻璃管人工测量。但是这种方法存在诸多问题，人工检测、手动记录、工作人员劳动强度大、产油低、计量精度差等。计量的方法已经不能满足企业信息化管理。老旧的玻璃管液面计量器是在油气分离器上安放一根与分离器组成连通的玻璃管液面计，分离器内一部分原油将水压到玻璃管内部，依据玻璃管内水面上升的高度和分离器内原油量的关系获得分离器内原油的质量，因此测定玻璃管内水面上升的高度所用的时间就可以计算出原油的产量。玻璃管量油是国内各个油田普遍选用的方法，约占油井总数的85%以上，这种方法的优点是投资较少、装备相对简单，缺点是操作自动化成都低、原油有时会附着在玻璃管内，造成读数有误。因为采取间接量油的方法来计算产量造成原油系统测量误差大。此外在高含水期与特高含水期，对于气液比低的油井测量后的排水很困难，给测量造成很大不便。所以设计一套全新的，自动化程度高的原油计量系统尤为重要。

关键字：油区油量；单片机；油量计量系统设计

Oil of oil metering system design Temperature Intelligent Measurement

Abstract： Barn management of the most important issue is monitoring the grain heap temperature and humidity changes. countries for grain storage to pay high fees each year, mainly due to high cost of monitoring equipment, management methods were not advanced enough in the theoretical study and field visits on the basis of experiments carried out a food storage temperature and humidity, real-time monitoring and control system circuit design and development. The temperature and humidity changes as well as food storage temperature and humidity range allowed explore on-line measurement, calculation and control of food storage temperature and humidity, the principles and methods, and basic elimination of food mildew accident, but also save a lot of manpower and material resources, thereby reducing the intensity of granary management work to improve the efficiency of management of the granary, so that food management has been a safe and reliable protection. At present, the grain depots in the temperature and humidity testing is basically a manual inspection, labor-intensive, cumbersome, due to not timely detection and alarm, resulting in the loss of library storage of food phenomena have occurred, so the design and development of the higher cost performance granary temperature and humidity automatic detection systems is urgent. Configured by each granary-bit machines will pay under the circumstances the number of data via wireless transmission module sends to the host computer, host computer the next bit plane data in the form of curves and tables that come out, clear and intuitive display of temperature and humidity conditions within the warehouse by the host computer to the granary to monitor, manage personnel in the control room can be real-time intelligence data to see food on the food situation analysis of the data to achieve granary management automation, intelligent.

Keywords：Granary, Temperature measurement, System designing

第1章前言……………………………………………… 1

1.1研究背景及意义……………………………………… 1

1.2国内外发展现状……………………………………… 1

1.3系统设计主要内容及要求………………………………. 2

第2章总体方案论证………………………………………. 8

2.1方案论证…………………………………………… 8

2.2方案设计…………………………………………… 8

第3章系统硬件设计……………………………………… 11

3.1 单片机部分………………………………………… 11

3.1.1STC89C52RC简介………………………………. 11

3.1.2复位电路及晶振电路…………………………… 11