摘要

随着社会的不断进步和信息技术的迅猛发展，人们对气象信息服务的需求进一步加深、扩大，也对气象监测提出了越来越高的要求。本设计提出了一种基于 STC12C5A60S2单片机和远程通讯的功耗小、性能高的远程气象数据采集系统设计方案，详细的介绍了系统软硬件的设计方法及过程，实现了对数据的处理、采集及存储，并且提供良好的人机交互接口通信，实现远程气象数据的实时显示与多功能菜单化的界面管理功能。利用模块与监控中心主机进行有效的通信，达到远程数据的实时有效传输和有效监控的目的。论文首先介绍了远程气象数据采集系统的国内与国外研究的现状，针对目前气象部门的现有条件，分析了远程气象数据采集系统的功能和特点的需求，确立了远程气象数据采集系统的设计目标和总体的设计方案，并且介绍了系统的硬件结构及软硬件的设计方法。然后重点分析了基于控制器中断系统和定时的任务调度机制的软件设计方法，详细介绍了各个处理模块、存储模块与数据采集（风速传感器、温度传感器、雨量传感器）、人机交互模块以及通讯模块的设计与实现。最后利用通信模块确定了远程气象数据采集系统组网的方案，并且制定了一些气象数据传输所需的通信协议。该设计以采集气象信息、处理信息、传输信息为主要任务，以微控制器为核心，集成多要素传感器，模块化组织软硬件设计，达到功能、性能、成本高度统一的远程自动气象数据采集系统。

关键词：STC12C5A60S2，GPRS 远程通讯，数据采集，人机交互感

Abstract

with the progress of the society and the rapid development of information technology, people demand for meteorological information service further deepen and expand and also puts forward higher and higher requirements for meteorological monitoring.This design is proposed based on a STC12C5A60S2 single-chip computer and remote communication of low consumption, high performance of remote meteorological data acquisition system design, detailed introduces the system hardware and software design method and process, realized the data processing, collection and storage, and provide a good human-computer interaction interface communication, implementation of the real-time display of remote meteorological data and the menu interface management functions.Using the module and monitoring center host for effective communication, to achieve remote data real-time transmission and the purpose of effectively monitoring effectively.Thesis firstly introduces the remote meteorological data acquisition system of domestic and foreign research present situation, in light of the existing conditions of the meteorological department, analyzes the functions of remote meteorological data acquisition system and the characteristics of the demand, establishes a remote meteorological data acquisition system design goal and overall design scheme, and introduced the system hardware structure and design method of hardware and software.Then analyzed based on the controller interrupt system and the software design method of timing task scheduling mechanism, introduced the various processing module, memory module and data acquisition (wind speed sensor, temperature sensor, rain sensors), human-computer interaction module and communication module design and implementation.Last communication module is used to determine the remote meteorological data acquisition system networking solutions, and make some meteorological data transmission communication protocol as needed.With collecting meteorological information for the design, processing information, information transmission as the main task, microcontroller as the core, integrated multi-factor sensor, software and hardware design of modular organization, function, performance, cost highly unified remote automatic meteorological data acquisition system.

Keywords:STC12C5A60S2, GPRS remote communications, data acquisition, man-machine mutual inductance