摘 要
东莞作为我国改革开放后迅速发展起来的城市，改革开放30年以来，其经济增长速度平均为每年22%，是我国经济发展最快的城市之一，“东莞模式”成为我国城市经济发展和城市产业转型的重要借鉴模式。但是，随着东莞的经济规模发展，其产业发展同样面临着转型压力。尤其是近年来金融危机以后，产业升级转型的压力有所增加。本文结合东莞市改革开放后经济发展的历程和产业转型的具体特点，借鉴了产业结构理论和波特的钻石模型理论内容，对东莞市产业升级转型的现状、问题进行了分析，以发达国家产业升级转型的经验为借鉴，本文对东莞市产业升级转型的方向、路径和具体实施措施进行了分析，得出以下结论：首先，东莞产业升级转型的方向是：第一，企业经营生产方式转变；第二，产业外资引入方向的转变；第三，三次产业比继续向一二三结构转变。其次，产业升级转型的路径，从波特钻石模型理论的要素方向入手，应当注重高级生产要素的培育，包括技术和人才；需求条件改善，包括国内外市场营销渠道的开拓；相关与支持性产业，主要是产业上下游产业链的延长，相关服务产业以及科研合作方面；企业同业竞争环境的培养和龙头企业带动力提升方面；政府对转型整体方向的把握以及经济发展机会的把握。针对转型路径，本文对产业升级转型的具体措施进行了分析，给出了八大建议，包括制定强有力的配套政策措施、注重资源优化整合、把加工贸易升级转型作为产业升级转型的核心、提升政府服务水平、大力提升城市综合环境、优化营商环境、改善城市生态环境、加强产学研合作、加大人才招引力度和全民参与转型。
关键词： 东莞 产业转型 钻石模型；
Abstract
After China’s reform and opening up， Dongguan economy developed rapidly. The average economy growth is 22% and Dongguan has been the most rapidly developing city. “Dongguan Model” also has been the important reference. However, following with Dongguan’s economy developing, it also under great pressure of industry transformation. This paper takes “Industrial structure theory” and Porter’s “Diamond model theory” as the theory basis, takes USA, Japan and South Korea, Taiwan as the example, and analyzes Dongguan industries’ transformation route, direction and steps. The direction of industrial upgrading and restructuring in Dongguan: first, transformation mode of business production; second, change the direction of foreign investment; third, three industries structure transformation from one two three to three two one. the routes are: pay attention to the cultivation of high-level production factors, including technology and personnel; improve demand conditions, including develop domestic and international marketing channels; develop related and support industries, mainly downstream service industries and industry research cooperation; improve competition environment and force leading enterprise to upgrade; the government should control the overall direction of transformation and economic development opportunities. there are eight specific measures to complete the industrial transformation, including strong supporting policies and measures, focuses on resource optimization and integration, the upgrading of processing trade as the core of industrial transformation and upgrading, and improve government services, greatly enhance the urban environment and optimize the business environment improve the urban ecological environment, strengthen research cooperation, and increase efforts to attract talent and all the people involved in transformation.
Key words: Dongguan Industries Transformation Diamond Theory;
